METHODOLOGIES OF EXPERIMENTAL EMBRYOLOGY

Academic Year 2026/2027 - Teacher: VENERA FERRITO

Expected Learning Outcomes

The course aims to provide a foundation of theoretical knowledge in the biology, anatomy and embryology of the teleost Danio rerio (zebrafish) in order to understand why the zebrafish is considered an excellent model organism for research into developmental biology, toxicology and toxicogenomics, molecular genetics, and for applications in human biomedicine.

Expected learning outcomes

Knowledge and understanding – By the end of the course, students will be able to understand how certain external or genetic factors disrupt the normal process of zebrafish embryonic development and how adverse effects are identified through endpoints in this model species.

Ability to apply knowledge and understanding – By the end of the course, students will be able to apply the knowledge acquired to identify and evaluate alterations in embryonic development resulting from experimental manipulations or exposure to toxic substances. They will also be able to correlate morphological and physiological abnormalities with specific biological endpoints in zebrafish.

Independence of judgement – Students will be able to critically interpret data derived from experimental studies on zebrafish, distinguishing a normal phenotype from an altered one. Ability to draw independent scientific conclusions based on the correlation between developmental disruption and observed endpoints.

Communication skills – The student will be able to present concepts of developmental biology and the results of experimental protocols applied to the zebrafish model clearly, with scientific rigour and using appropriate terminology.

Learning outcomes – Students will be able to keep their knowledge up to date by consulting recent scientific literature on studies that use zebrafish as a model organism



Course Structure

Lectures will be held in the classroom. Scientfic papers from databases focusing on the use of *Danio rerio* as a model organism will also be analysed.

Required Prerequisites

Basic knowledge of developmental biology

Attendance of Lessons

Attendance is compulsory

Detailed Course Content

Embryonic development in fish: from gametogenesis to organogenesis – Biological characteristics of *Danio rerio* – Unique features of *Danio rerio* as a model organism – Endpoints and comparison between normal development and development altered by external and genetic factors. Analysis of case studies focusing on the use of zebrafish as a model organism in research into developmental biology, toxicology and molecular genetics, as well as for applications in human biomedicine.

Learning Assessment

Learning Assessment Procedures

The oral examination will involve the student preparing a PowerPoint presentation on topics covered during the course, relating to scientific studies focusing on the use of zebrafish as a model organism

Examples of frequently asked questions and / or exercises

The student should describe the detectable endpoints in zebrafish
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